Georgia Constitution
Contiguity requirement
Article III, Section II, Paragraph II requires that state legislative districts be composed of contiguous territory. A district drawn so that a voter cannot travel within the district without leaving and re-entering it is presumptively unconstitutional under Georgia law. Mid-decade carve-ups that produce tortured shapes are vulnerable here.
Ga. Const. art. III, § II, ¶ II
Federal Constitution
One person, one vote
State legislative districts must be roughly equal in population under the Fourteenth Amendment. Georgia has its own controlling precedent in Larios v. Cox (N.D. Ga. 2004), which struck down a Georgia state legislative map for population deviations that systematically favored one party. Any special-session map that plays loose with population to engineer seats hits this rule.
Larios v. Cox, 300 F. Supp. 2d 1320 (N.D. Ga. 2004)
Federal statute
Voting Rights Act, Section 2
Prohibits practices that deny or abridge the right to vote on account of race. Narrowed by Louisiana v. Callais in 2025 to require a strong inference of intentional discrimination, but still live. The standard is exactly what LDF is litigating on remand in Alabama and what would govern a federal challenge to a Georgia mid-decade map.
52 U.S.C. § 10301
Georgia Constitution
Equal protection
Article I, Paragraph II of the Georgia Constitution has independent force from the federal Fourteenth Amendment and is litigated in Fulton County Superior Court. State courts are not bound by federal Purcell-doctrine timing, which makes the state-court track a faster lane when the special session ends and the map is signed.
Ga. Const. art. I, § I, ¶ II
Gap in current law
What Georgia does not require
Georgia's election code does not require maps to remain in place for a full decade absent census-driven population change. It does not require pre-enactment public comment periods. It does not require independent commission review. And it does not give voters a private right of action against a discriminatory map in state court, the way California, New York, Connecticut, and Virginia state VRAs do.
O.C.G.A. Title 28, Chapter 2 (Reapportionment) and Title 21 (Elections)
What we are asking for
Continuous-maps language in a Georgia VRA
A Georgia Voting Rights Act, modeled on SB 536 (Sen. Harold Jones II) and state VRAs already on the books elsewhere, would require maps to remain in place between censuses absent extraordinary justification, restore preclearance, add vote-dilution standards, guarantee language access, and give voters a private right of action in Georgia state court.
See SB 536, Henry McNeal Turner Voting Rights Act